Does a closed credit card hurt your credit

If you’re thinking about canceling a credit card, it’s important to know the potential benefits and risks associated with closing a credit account. While closing a credit card can be as simple as contacting your bank and requesting that it closes the card, there are a lot of variables to consider first. You should think about if the card has an outstanding balance, if there are alternatives to closing the account and how closing the card may affect your credit score.

1. Does closing a credit card affects your credit score?
2. When it makes sense to keep a credit card
3. When it makes sense to cancel a credit card
4. The best way to close a credit card
5. Alternatives to closing a credit card account

Does closing a credit card affect credit?

It can, depending on how many other credit accounts you have open and whether or not you use those credit accounts responsibly. Knowing how your credit score works will help you better understand what the credit impact of closing your card might be.

Here are two of the biggest ways in which closing a credit card affects your credit:

Closing a credit card can increase your credit utilization ratio

Credit utilization ratio makes up 30 percent of your FICO credit score. Since your credit utilization ratio is the ratio of your current balances to your available credit, reducing the amount of credit available to you by closing a credit card could cause your credit utilization ratio to go up and your credit score to go down. Many experts suggest consumers maintain a credit utilization at or below 30 percent. A high credit utilization ratio raises red flags for lenders because it show’s you’re using a higher amount of the credit you have available.

Closing your oldest credit card can reduce the length of your credit history

The length of your credit history accounts for 15 percent of your FICO credit score. It’s worth noting that you probably won’t see the effect on your credit score right away, since closed credit accounts still contribute to your FICO credit score until they fall off your credit report—which could be as long as 10 years from now.

How much does closing a credit card hurt your credit? It’s hard to say for sure. If you continue to use your other credit accounts responsibly by making on-time payments every month, maintaining a low credit utilization ratio and paying off your balances regularly, your credit score probably won’t take much of a hit. A person with a positive credit history is likely still going to have a positive credit history even if they close one of their older credit cards.

When it makes sense to keep a credit card

Is closing a credit card going to majorly damage your credit score? Not necessarily, but that doesn’t mean it’s always your best option. Here are five reasons you shouldn’t close a credit card:

1. Your credit score is right on the edge of the good credit range and you don’t want to risk dropping into the fair credit range.
2. You’re planning on applying for a mortgage and you don’t want to risk losing any credit score points.
3. The credit card you’re thinking about closing is your oldest credit card and you don’t want to risk shortening the length of your credit history.
4. You have a lot of outstanding balances on your credit cards and closing one card will reduce your available credit to the point where it has a serious negative effect on your credit utilization ratio.
5. You don’t really have a good reason for closing the credit card (you just don’t use it as often as you use your other cards).

When it makes sense to cancel a credit card

Despite the potential downsides of closing a credit card, there are some very good reasons to close a credit card. Here are a few reasons you might want to close a credit card:

1. You are having trouble using your credit cards responsibly—maybe you’re missing payments or you’re worried about going into credit card debt that you won’t be able to pay off.
2. You are separating from a partner and need to close a joint credit account.
3. You have a retail credit card, but you no longer shop at that store.
4. You have an airline credit card, but you no longer fly that airline and don’t want to pay the annual fee.
5. You have a premium credit card that charges a high annual fee and the card no longer makes sense with your lifestyle or spending habits.
6. The interest rate on the card is too high. Perhaps you need to make a large purchase and carry a balance, so you’re interested in switching to a card that offers a 0 percent APR introductory period.
7. You graduated college and you are ready to part with your student credit card in exchange for one that offers more rewards.

The best way to close a credit card

If you’re ready to close a credit card account, it’s important to know the steps involved. Here’s the best way to cancel a credit card:

Pay off (or transfer) your outstanding balance

If you are closing a credit card account with an outstanding balance, you need to pay it off or transfer your balance first. Closing a credit card with a balance doesn’t actually work because you can’t fully close a credit account if you still owe money to your lender. You have to either pay off your debt or transfer the balance to one of today’s best balance transfer credit cards if you want to close a credit card with an outstanding balance.

If you are closing a credit card that has a $0 balance, you can skip this step—but wait at least one full statement cycle after your card reaches a $0 balance to ensure that you aren’t forgetting about any final charges or interest that might come due.

Use any remaining rewards

If you are closing a rewards credit card, make sure to redeem any rewards you’ve earned first; those points and miles are likely to disappear when you close the account.

In some cases, you may be able to transfer your credit card rewards to another card in the same rewards system. If you have two credit cards that earn Chase Ultimate Rewards, for example, you can transfer your Chase points from the card you’re planning to close to the card you’re planning to keep open.

Contact your credit card issuer

Once you’ve cleared out your balance and your rewards, it’s time to contact your credit card issuer. Call the number on the back of your credit card, confirm that your current credit card balance is $0 and request to cancel your account.

The customer service representative may offer you an incentive to keep the account open—a lower APR, for example, or the opportunity to earn bonus rewards. Other representatives may simply pressure you to keep the account open. You can decide whether to accept any incentives you are offered, but don’t let yourself be talked into keeping a credit card that you’d rather cancel.

Follow up with a certified letter

After you cancel your credit card by speaking with a customer service representative, follow up your request with a certified letter to your credit card company. Restate your decision to cancel your credit account and request that they send you a letter confirming that your credit card has been canceled and that the account balance was $0 at the time of cancellation.

Check your credit reports

Once you receive the letter from your credit card issuer confirming that your account has been canceled, review your credit reports with the three major credit bureaus (Equifax, Experian and TransUnion). Confirm that your credit card is no longer listed as active, and look for the note “closed at customer request” on your report.

Destroy the credit card

Destroying the credit card will help protect you from identity theft and credit card fraud—and it will also help prevent you from accidentally trying to use the canceled credit card to make purchases.

Alternatives to closing a credit card

If you don’t want to use a specific credit card for whatever reason, but also don’t want to lose the benefits that come with keeping the credit account open, you have other paths forward.

Ask for a product change

If you are unhappy with your credit card, call your credit issuer and request to swap your credit card for another card offered by the same issuer. If you have a credit card with an annual fee, for example, ask if you can downgrade your card to a no-annual-fee version. You might even be able to swap a cash back credit card for a travel rewards card (or vice versa).

Upgrade to an unsecured card

Instead of closing a secured credit card, ask your credit issuer if they can upgrade you to an unsecured credit card. Some issuers upgrade you automatically after you demonstrate responsible credit use for a specific period of time. If your credit issuer is not able to graduate you to an unsecured card, they may be able to tell you what you can do to earn an upgrade in the future.

Keep the card for small regular payments

If you don’t want to swap, upgrade or downgrade your credit card but aren’t currently using it, you can keep the account active without much effort. If you choose to keep the credit card open, put one small recurring charge on it every month (like a Netflix subscription) and set up automatic payments so that your statement balance always gets paid on time. This way, your credit card remains active without much effort on your part.

The bottom line

While there are pros and cons to closing a credit card, only you can decide whether the benefits outweigh the drawbacks. If you are worried about the negative aspects of closing a credit card, such as a temporary drop in your credit score, consider alternatives such as swapping your credit card for another card offered by the same issuer. However, if you close one card and continue to use your remaining credit cards responsibly, your credit history should remain positive.

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