How do you know what your bmi should be

How to calculate Body Mass Index

Body Mass Index is a simple calculation using a person’s height and weight. The formula is BMI = kg/m2 where kg is a person’s weight in kilograms and m2 is their height in metres squared.

A BMI of 25.0 or more is overweight, while the healthy range is 18.5 to 24.9. BMI applies to most adults 18-65 years.

Who shouldn't use a BMI calculator

BMI is not used for muscle builders, long distance athletes, pregnant women, the elderly or young children. This is because BMI does not take into account whether the weight is carried as muscle or fat, just the number. Those with a higher muscle mass, such as athletes, may have a high BMI but not be at greater health risk. Those with a lower muscle mass, such as children who have not completed their growth or the elderly who may be losing some muscle mass may have a lower BMI. During pregnancy and lactation, a woman's body composition changes, so using BMI is not appropriate.

For more information, visit Health Canada's Canadian Guidelines for Body Weight Classification in Adults.

Calculate your Body Mass Index

This is only to be used as a decision support tool and is subject to these terms.

Being overweight or obese increases one’s risk of cardiovascular disease. Use our BMI Calculator tool below to find out if you are of healthy weight.

Ideally, your Body Mass Index (BMI) should be between 18.5 and 22.9kg/m2.

Note: BMI should not be used to calculate health risks in pregnant women, people with a muscular build and the elderly. These BMI values also do not apply to youths below 18 years old.

Your Result

Your BMI :

Standard BMI : 20

Obese

Watch out! You are at a high risk of heart disease. Aim to reduce your caloric intake and increase physical activities. Attend regular health screenings to keep your conditions in check.

An obese person (BMI ≥ 30kg/m2) also has a three times higher risk of heart attack than someone within the healthy weight range.

Overweight

Oh no! You have moderate risk of heart disease. Aim to reduce your caloric intake and increase physical activities.

Being overweight (BMI ≥ 23kg/m2) puts you at risk of many heart-related problems:

• High blood pressure
• Diabetes
• High blood cholesterol

Normal

Good! You are in the healthy range and stand a low risk of heart disease.

Underweight

You are at risk of nutritional deficiency disease and osteoporosis. Seek medical advice if needed and have a balanced meal.

Ideally, your Body Mass Index (BMI) should be between 18.5 and 22.9kg/m2, as shown in the table below:

Note:
BMI should not be used to calculate health risks in pregnant women, people with a muscular build and the elderly. These BMI values also do not apply to youths below 18 years old.

Being overweight (BMI ≥ 23kg/m2) puts you at risk of many heart-related problems:

• High blood pressure
• Diabetes
• High blood cholesterol

An obese person (BMI ≥ 30kg/m2) also has a three times higher risk of heart attack than someone within the healthy weight range.

Learn the right ways to lose weight.

This calculator should only be used by adults (pregnant or lactating women should not rely on these BMI readings), and no action should be taken based on its values other than to consult a suitably qualified person such as a doctor.

The calculator will give you an idea of how your weight compares to common values. Body Mass Index (or BMI) is calculated as your weight (in kilograms) divided by the square of your height (in metres) or BMI = Kg/M2.

Is Body Mass Index reliable?

Your BMI, or Body Mass Index, is a measure of your weight compared to your height. Accurate assessments of obesity are important, as being overweight or obese significantly increases your risk of a variety of medical conditions including type 2 diabetes, heart disease and cancer. As levels of overweight or obesity increase, the spotlight has fallen on BMI and its shortcomings as a measure of ideal weight for individuals, rather than whole populations of people where 'averages' apply.

"Some people naturally have a larger frame than others. But this causes quite a small variation in weight and is accounted for in the range of healthy BMI. There is really no such thing as someone who is big-boned." Dr Jan Sambrook, How to lose weight in a healthy way

For most adults, BMI gives a good estimate of your weight-related health risks. If your BMI is over 35, your weight is definitely putting your health at risk, regardless of the factors below. However, there are some situations where BMI may underestimate or overestimate these risks in the 25-35 BMI range. The main ones are:

Children

Your GP or health visitor can advise on where your child sits on the ‘centile charts’ used to estimate healthy weights for children.

Pregnant women

Usual BMI estimates do not apply if you’re pregnant.

If you are very muscular

BMI assumes you have an average amount of body fat, including ‘intra-abdominal fat’ – fat deep inside your stomach cavity rather than under your skin. Intra-abdominal fat is much more closely linked to risks of type 2 diabetes and heart disease than fat under the skin.

If you are very muscular, your level of body fat may be lower than predicted by your BMI. However, this only applies to people who do high levels of exercise – much more than average.

If you are of Asian origin

People of Asian origin are prone to accumulating intra-abdominal fat (fat deep inside your stomach cavity rather than under your skin) at a lower BMI than people of Caucasian origin. People with this pattern of weight gain are described as ‘apples’ rather than ‘pears’ from their body outline. This means their health risks start to rise at a lower BMI, because intra-abdominal fat is directly linked to development of heart disease and type 2 diabetes.

The World Health Organisation has looked at the evidence and because of the variability between different Asian populations, it hasn't officially changed the cut-off points. However, it does recommend that for public health purposes, some Asian groups should be considered overweight if their BMI is 22-25, and obese with a BMI of 26-31.

Older people (over 65, possibly over 60)

Because muscle mass tends to drop and body fat tends to rise in older people, BMI may not be an accurate reflector of body fat if you're over 60.

Alternative estimates of weight-related health risks

If you feel BMI may not accurately reflect whether you are overweight or obese, measuring your abdominal circumference, waist-hip or waist-height ratio may give you a more realistic estimate.

Waist circumference

You measure your waist circumference half way between the bottom of your ribcage and the top of your hip bones, with the tape measure parallel to the floor. You must be breathing out when you measure. 

Male

• Increased health risk - ≥94cm                                   
• High health risk - ≥102cm

Female

• Increased health risk - ≥80cm
• High health risk - ≥88cm

Waist to hip ratio

To check your waist to hip ratio, measure your waist circumference (as above), and your hip size at the widest part of your hips. Divide your abdominal circumference by your hip measurement to give a ratio.

• In women, a waist to hip ratio greater than 0.85 is associated with greater than average risk.
• In men, a waist to hip ratio greater than 1.00 is associated with greater than average risk.

Waist to height ratio

A recent study comparing BMI, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio and waist to height ratio found that the most accurate way of predicting your whole-body fat level was waist-height ratio.

Measure your waist circumference as above and simply divide it by your height – fairly obviously both measurements should either be in imperial (inches) or metric (cm).

Whole body obesity is defined by a waist-height ratio of:

• 0.53 or more for men
• 0.54 or more for women

Abdominal obesity was defined by a waist-height ratio of 0.59 or more.

Disclaimer: This article is for information only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. Egton Medical Information Systems Limited has used all reasonable care in compiling the information but make no warranty as to its accuracy. Consult a doctor or other health care professional for diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions. For details see our conditions.

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