These are some possible causes of irritation and inflammation: Stomach acid in the food pipe. If you have gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), stomach acid leaks backward into your esophagus. If this happens on a regular basis, it may cause esophagitis. Chronic vomiting Medicines, such as aspirin or other anti-inflammatory medicines Medical procedures, such as radiation therapy Infections that weaken your immune system Allergies, often to foods Esophagitis can have serious consequences that affect your quality of life. If left untreated, esophagitis may develop into a condition called Barrett’s esophagus. This may increase your risk for esophageal cancer. You may experience these symptoms with esophagitis: Sore throat Feeling that something is stuck in your throat Sores in your mouth Nausea or vomiting Difficulty or painful swallowing Heartburn You may be at risk for esophagitis unrelated to an infection if you: Are pregnant Smoke Are obese Are an elderly adult Consume a lot of alcohol, coffee, chocolate, fatty foods, or spicy foods Use certain medicines, including NSAID pain relievers, nitrates, and beta blockers Have a spinal cord injury Have had radiation therapy for chest tumors Swallow medicine with too little water or get a pill stuck in your throat Have scleroderma, an autoimmune disease Have many allergies, especially to certain foods DiagnosisTo make a diagnosis, your healthcare provider may do these things:
TreatmentTreatment for esophagitis depends on the cause. These are possible treatments:
ComplicationsProblems that can happen with esophagitis include:
Living with esophagitisEsophagitis can return if you do not make some changes in the way you live. Living with this condition means following your healthcare provider’s recommendations on lifestyle changes and medicine use. When to call the healthcare providerContact your healthcare provider if your symptoms return. OverviewEsophagitis (uh-sof-uh-JIE-tis) is inflammation that may damage tissues of the esophagus, the muscular tube that delivers food from your mouth to your stomach. Esophagitis can cause painful, difficult swallowing and chest pain. Causes of esophagitis include stomach acids backing up into the esophagus, infection, oral medications and allergies. Treatment for esophagitis depends on the underlying cause and the severity of tissue damage. If left untreated, esophagitis can damage the lining of the esophagus and interfere with its normal function, which is to move food and liquid from your mouth to your stomach. Esophagitis can also lead to complications such as scarring or narrowing of the esophagus, and difficulty swallowing. SymptomsCommon signs and symptoms of esophagitis include:
In infants and young children, particularly those too young to explain their discomfort or pain, signs of esophagitis may include:
When to see a doctorMost signs and symptoms of esophagitis can be caused by a number of different conditions affecting the digestive system. See your doctor if signs or symptoms:
Get emergency care if you:
Subscribe for free and receive your in-depth guide to digestive health, plus the latest on health innovations and news. You can unsubscribe at any time. To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, and understand which information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with other information we have about you. If you are a Mayo Clinic
patient, this could include protected health information. If we combine this information with your protected health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of privacy practices. You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. CausesEsophagitis is generally categorized by the conditions that cause it. In some cases, more than one factor may be causing esophagitis. Reflux esophagitisA valve-like structure called the lower esophageal sphincter usually keeps the acidic contents of the stomach out of the esophagus. If this valve opens when it shouldn't or doesn't close properly, the contents of the stomach may back up into the esophagus (gastroesophageal reflux). Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition in which this backflow of acid is a frequent or ongoing problem. A complication of GERD is chronic inflammation and tissue damage in the esophagus. Eosinophilic esophagitisEosinophils (e-o-SIN-o-fils) are white blood cells that play a key role in allergic reactions. Eosinophilic esophagitis occurs with a high concentration of these white blood cells in the esophagus, most likely in response to an allergy-causing agent (allergen) or acid reflux or both. In many cases, this type of esophagitis may be triggered by foods such as milk, eggs, wheat, soy, peanuts, beans, rye and beef. However, conventional allergy testing does not reliably identify these culprit foods. People with eosinophilic esophagitis may have other nonfood allergies. For example, sometimes inhaled allergens, such as pollen, may be the cause. Lymphocytic esophagitisLymphocytic esophagitis (LE) is an uncommon esophageal condition in which there are an increased number of lymphocytes in the lining of the esophagus. LE may be related to eosinophilic esophagitis or to GERD. Drug-induced esophagitisSeveral oral medications may cause tissue damage if they remain in contact with the lining of the esophagus for too long. For example, if you swallow a pill with little or no water, the pill itself or residue from the pill may remain in the esophagus. Drugs that have been linked to esophagitis include:
Infectious esophagitisA bacterial, viral or fungal infection in tissues of the esophagus may cause esophagitis. Infectious esophagitis is relatively rare and occurs most often in people with poor immune system function, such as people with HIV/AIDS or cancer. A fungus normally present in the mouth called Candida albicans is a common cause of infectious esophagitis. Such infections are often associated with poor immune system function, diabetes, cancer, or the use of steroid or antibiotic medications. Risk factorsRisk factors for esophagitis vary depending on the different causes of the disorder. Reflux esophagitisFactors that increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) — and therefore are factors in reflux esophagitis — include the following:
A number of foods may worsen symptoms of GERD or reflux esophagitis:
Eosinophilic esophagitisRisk factors for eosinophilic esophagitis, or allergy-related esophagitis, may include:
Drug-induced esophagitisFactors that may increase the risk of drug-induced esophagitis are generally related to issues that prevent quick and complete passage of a pill into the stomach. These factors include:
Infectious esophagitisRisk factors for infectious esophagitis often relate to medications, such as steroids and antibiotics. People with diabetes also are at increased risk of candida esophagitis in particular. Other causes of infectious esophagitis may relate to poor immune system function. This may be due to an immune disorder, HIV/AIDS or certain cancers. Also, certain cancer treatments and drugs that block immune system reactions to transplanted organs (immunosuppressants) may increase the risk of infectious esophagitis. ComplicationsLeft untreated, esophagitis can lead to changes in the structure of the esophagus. Possible complications include:
Feb. 23, 2021 How do you treat gastroesophageal reflux disease without esophagitis?Options include:. Antacids that neutralize stomach acid. Antacids containing calcium carbonate, such as Mylanta, Rolaids and Tums, may provide quick relief. ... . Medications to reduce acid production. ... . Medications that block acid production and heal the esophagus.. What is GERD with esophagitis?Reflux esophagitis is defined as inflammation of the esophageal mucosa secondary to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which the stomach contents reflux into the esophagus or beyond (oral cavity, larynx, or the lungs), causing troublesome symptoms and complications.
What is the difference between acid reflux and esophagitis?Acid reflux means that some acid leaks up (refluxes) into the gullet (oesophagus). Oesophagitis means inflammation of the lining of the oesophagus. Most cases of oesophagitis are due to reflux of stomach acid which irritates the inside lining of the oesophagus.
Can esophagitis be life threatening?Esophagitis can have serious consequences that affect your quality of life. If left untreated, esophagitis may develop into a condition called Barrett's esophagus. This may increase your risk for esophageal cancer.
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease with esophagitis without hemorrhage
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